Revista Científica Interdisciplinaria Investigación y Saberes
The Interdisciplinary Scientific Journal Investigación y Saberes, is a refereed scientific journal, specialized in social sciences and related areas, dedicated to the continuous publication of unpublished research papers, publishing 3 issues during the year in January, May and September. The objective of the journal is oriented to the dissemination of research and characterized mainly by the innovation factor. It is intended that the Journal integrates the ease and accessibility of social and scientific media, with the precision and rigor required by the research results, so that it is useful to society and attractive to recipients without losing the strength of expression and scientific rigor. The journal does not maintain any cost for the reception, evaluation or publication of the submitted papers . Its publishing entity is the Technical University “Luis Vargas Torres” of Esmeraldas - Ecuador, through the Vice Rectorate of Research, Innovation and Graduate Studies , which annually finances the editorial process. All articles submitted to the journal for publication will be evaluated in first instance by the Editorial Committee in attention to the relevance and compliance with the basic rules of presentation, in second instance will be subjected to a process of double-blind peer review which are considered according to their special. At present the journal is indexed in: Latindex Catalog Academic Google REDIB Refseek Academic Resource index
Universidad Técnica "Luis Vargas Torres" de Esmeraldas
La revista brinda acceso abierto inmediato a todo su contenido sobre el principio de que hacer que la investigación esté disponible de forma gratuita para el público para apoyar un mayor intercambio global del conocimiento. De esta manera, el lector/a puede acceder a todos los contenidos de la revista desde el momento de la publicación sin coste ni obligación de suscripción. La revista ienen licencia bajo el acuerdo de licencia internacional Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0). Los/as autores/as retienen los derechos de autor y se permite a terceros copiar, distribuir y hacer uso de los trabajos siempre que cumplan con los términos y condiciones establecidos por dicha licencia citar la autoría y la fuente original de su publicación (revista, editorial y URL de la obra). No se usen para fines comerciales. Si remezcla, transforma o crea a partir del material, deberá difundir sus contribuciones bajo la misma licencia que el original. Puede encontrar más información al respecto en https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/deed.es. La Revista declina cualquier responsabilidad sobre posibles conflictos derivados de la autoría de los trabajos que se publican.
Building Networks for University Success: Essay on the Role of Organizational Culture and Social Capital
This essay explores the interaction between organizational culture and social capital within Ecuadorian universities, highlighting their impact on institutional performance, innovation, and sustainability. Through a systematic review of indexed scientific literature, the study identifies the key characteristics of both dimensions and proposes a theoretical model that explains how cultural values, organizational structures, and interpersonal relationships influence the development of trust-based, reciprocal, and collaborative networks. The research follows a qualitative, descriptive-analytical approach, without primary data collection, prioritizing conceptual integration and critical synthesis. Findings reveal a predominance of hierarchical cultures and fragmented social networks in the Ecuadorian higher education system, which hinders institutional collaboration and adaptability. The proposed model conceptualizes the interaction between organizational culture and social capital through three interdependent dimensions: structural, relational, and cultural. The study also incorporates recent contributions on gender equity, strategic planning, social responsibility, and knowledge sharing, expanding the model's relevance to broader organizational contexts. It concludes that institutional transformation requires integrative strategies that simultaneously enhance cultural and social dimensions, promoting participatory structures, distributed leadership, and sustainable collaborative practices. The proposed framework provides a theoretical foundation for future empirical research and serves as a strategic guide for inclusive and resilient university governance.
Copyright (c) 2025 Alberto Efraín Alberto Efraín , Luisa Nicole Quiñónez Caicedo http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Strategies to strengthen reading comprehension in basic education: review of current evidence
Reading comprehension is an essential skill in basic education, as it is the basis for cross-curricular learning and the development of critical thinking. This article presents a systematic review of 15 scientific studies published between 2016 and 2024, with the aim of identifying and analyzing effective pedagogical strategies to strengthen this skill in primary school students. The bibliographic search was conducted in academic databases such as Scopus, Web of Science, ERIC, and SciELO, using key terms such as "reading comprehension," "pedagogical strategies," "basic education," and "critical reading," and applying rigorous inclusion criteria. Thematic analysis allowed the findings to be categorized into three axes: innovative teaching approaches (such as the use of ICTs, gamification, and project-based learning), interventions based on metacognitive processes and self-regulation, and practices contextualized according to sociocultural variables. It was found that the most successful strategies are those that combine explicit instruction, active teacher mediation, and meaningful activities that promote a love of reading. Challenges were also identified related to teacher training, the technological gap, and the lack of sustained policies that prioritize reading as a cross-curricular focus. It is concluded that reading comprehension must be addressed from a comprehensive and contextualized perspective, combining pedagogical resources, teacher training, and institutional commitment to improve academic performance and educational inclusion.
Copyright (c) 2025 Ana Julia Ana Julia , Sara Paquita Sara Paquita , Carvajal Ayala Carvajal Ayala, Gisela Georginza Gisela Georginza http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Digital citizenship education: review of training strategies for elementary and high school students
Digital citizenship has become a fundamental competency in contemporary educational processes. Given this reality, this study aimed to analyze pedagogical programs and practices related to digital citizenship training for elementary and high school students in Latin America. A qualitative, documentary-based research approach was conducted, based on a systematic bibliographic review of 12 scientific articles published between 2017 and 2024. Content analysis was used as a technique, and an extraction matrix was used as an instrument to categorize key elements such as the pedagogical approach, the digital competencies promoted, the geographic context, and the observed educational outcomes. The findings reveal that, while there is growing interest in including digital citizenship in school processes, initiatives are still incipient and present significant variability in their implementation. Good practices based on the responsible use of technologies, media literacy, critical thinking, and active participation in virtual environments were identified. The conclusion is that it is necessary to consolidate regional educational policies that prioritize this skill, improve teacher training, and develop specific assessment tools.
Copyright (c) 2025 Diana Marcela Diana Marcela , Verónica Aracely Verónica Aracely , Edith Marieta Edith Marieta , Eduardo Patricio Eduardo Patricio http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Evaluation of the Voltaic Arc Welding Training at Codesa, Esmeraldas: Diagnosis and Recommendations
The scientific article “Evaluation of the Training in Voltaic Arc Welding in Codesa, Esmeraldas Youth House: Diagnosis and Recommendations”, conducted by the Mechanical Engineering career of the Technical University Luis Vargas Torres of Esmeraldas, analyzes the impact of the activities of linkage with society in the technical training of young people and local entrepreneurs. The methodology used was quantitative and non-experimental, based on surveys and direct observation using the Likert scale tool to evaluate the level of acceptance of the training, which was carried out during four practical days. Indicators such as participant satisfaction, effectiveness of the methodology, application of knowledge and impact on working conditions were evaluated. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, making it possible to identify knowledge gaps and areas for improvement. The conclusions reveal a high level of satisfaction among participants, especially in terms of organization, classroom conditions and instructors' attention. However, challenges related to course duration and the inclusion of vulnerable groups, such as women and the elderly, were identified. The study recommends adjusting schedules, expanding coverage and encouraging greater diversity in participation. Overall, the trainings proved to be an effective tool for community development, highlighting the importance of continuing to strengthen these initiatives in collaboration with educational institutions and local organizations.
Copyright (c) 2025 Holger Arturo Holger Arturo, Mesias Simisterra Mesias Simisterra, Luis Jheovanny Luis Jheovanny, Montaño Roldán Montaño Roldán http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Augmented reality in school teaching: impact analysis and pedagogical challenges
Augmented reality (AR) has emerged as an educational technology with great potential to transform school teaching through immersive and participatory experiences. Its use offers concrete benefits, but also multiple pedagogical challenges. The objective was to analyze the impact and challenges of AR in basic education through a systematic literature review. A qualitative approach with a documentary design was used. Twelve scientific articles were analyzed based on criteria of relevance, timeliness, and methodological quality. Searches were conducted in academic databases between July and August 2025, using Boolean combinations of keywords such as "augmented reality," "school education," and "pedagogical challenges." The results showed improvements in student motivation, conceptual understanding, and independent learning thanks to the use of AR. However, limitations were identified associated with a lack of teacher training, limited access to compatible devices, and the absence of educational policies that promote technological equity. It is concluded that AR is an effective tool for innovating teaching if integrated with pedagogical planning and institutional support. The discussion highlights the need to train teachers and ensure equitable access for its sustained implementation.
Copyright (c) 2025 Aida Aida , Mayra Judith Mayra Judith , Nelly María Nelly María , Ana Julia Ana Julia http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Environmental Education in Schools: A Review of Programs and Teaching Practices in Latin America
Environmental education has become a key component in promoting sustainability within Latin American school contexts. Its curricular inclusion seeks to develop critical, environmentally engaged students. This study aimed to analyze educational environmental programs and pedagogical practices implemented in Latin American schools between 2018 and 2025. A qualitative, descriptive-documentary research design was used, based on a systematic review of twenty scientific studies retrieved from academic databases such as Scopus, Scielo, Redalyc, and Google Scholar. A document analysis matrix was employed as the main instrument, and content analysis was the principal technique. Findings reveal a growing trend toward the curricular mainstreaming of environmental education, the use of active pedagogies, and successful initiatives in countries such as Mexico, Ecuador, Brazil, and Chile. However, persistent challenges include limited teacher training, weak institutionalization of programs, and lack of long-term impact evaluations. The study concludes that, despite significant progress, there is an urgent need to strengthen public policy, teacher preparation, and evaluation mechanisms to ensure the development of integral and transformative environmental education. The discussion highlights the importance of territorial, critical, and intersectoral approaches to foster sustainable and meaningful school-based environmental engagement.
Copyright (c) 2025 Asunción Mercedes Asunción Mercedes, Jhoana Paola Jhoana Paola , García Flores García Flores, Fausto Marcelo Fausto Marcelo http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Strategic Integration of the Integrated Planning and Management Model (MIPG) and ISO 9001:2015 to Strengthen Quality in Public Educational Management in Colombia
Educational quality in Colombia faces persistent challenges in coverage, equity, and learning outcomes, This study analyzes the strategic articulation between the Integrated Planning and Management Model (MIPG), a mandatory framework, and the Colombian Technical Standard NTC ISO 9001:2015, a voluntary certification, as complementary tools to optimize public educational management, through a reflective-documentary approach, regulatory frameworks, specialized literature, and practical cases were reviewed, including experiences in the Secretariats of Education of Meta, Montería, and Bello (Antioquia), results show improvements in six dimensions: administrative, pedagogical, human talent, control and transparency, organizational culture, and sustainability. The discussion highlights the feasibility of integration, its benefits and limitations, and proposes strategic actions to consolidate it. Conclusions emphasize the need for committed leadership, personnel stability, sustained resources, and continuous training to ensure successful implementation. This article proposes that integrating MIPG and ISO 9001:2015 should be seen not as an administrative burden, but as a strategic opportunity to transform public educational management and raise quality standards.
Copyright (c) 2025 Edgar Orlando Edgar Orlando http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Student perceptions of generative artificial intelligence in educational institutions in Imbabura: an exploratory analysis
The study analyzes students’ perceptions of the use of generative artificial intelligence (GAI) in educational institutions in Imbabura, Ecuador. The objective was to understand how adolescents interpret and value these emerging technologies in a context where their incorporation into schools is still incipient and lacks consolidated pedagogical frameworks. A non-experimental, cross-sectional, and quantitative–descriptive design was employed, based on a structured survey applied to 318 students aged 11 to 17 years, selected through purposive sampling. The instrument, validated by expert judgment and with a Cronbach’s alpha above 0.80, explored four dimensions: level of knowledge, forms of use, perceived usefulness, and perceived reliability of AI. The findings show a high degree of familiarity with the concept of AI and a positive perception of its usefulness, although school-related uses remain concentrated on instrumental activities such as information searches, translation, and exercise solving. Most students acknowledge that AI can generate incorrect answers, reflecting a certain level of critical awareness, although a group still maintains uncritical trust. The study provides local evidence to guide pedagogical strategies, teacher training, and educational policies that foster a critical, creative, and humanizing use of AI in secondary education.
Copyright (c) 2025 Gladys Marcela Gladys Marcela, Maritza Arazely Maritza Arazely , Diana Raquel Diana Raquel , Estefania Gabriela Estefania Gabriela , Felicidad Cruz Felicidad Cruz http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
The Impact of Artificial Intelligence on Learning: An Analysis Based on Teachers' Experiences
Artificial intelligence (AI) has begun to transform various fields, and education is no exception. This paper analyses the impact of AI on learning, focusing especially on the experiences of teachers in the basic general education system. The research focuses on assessing how teachers incorporate AI tools into their pedagogical practices, the barriers they face and perceptions about the potential of these technologies to improve teaching-learning processes. Through a mixed approach, quantitative and qualitative data are collected that allow exploring teachers' attitudes, required digital skills, use, and impact of AI in the classroom. The results show that AI offers benefits such as personalizing learning and optimizing pedagogical processes. This study highlights the importance of strengthening the technological training of educators and the need to create educational policies that encourage the use of AI. Finally, it is concluded that, for AI to be successfully integrated into education, a comprehensive approach is needed that includes ongoing training, institutional support, and technological improvement in education to expand the scope of AI use to students in basic general education and high school.
Copyright (c) 2025 Diego David Diego David , Bertha Alice Bertha Alice http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Computational Thinking in Elementary Education: A Review of Its Teaching and Benefits for Cognitive Development
Computational thinking has emerged as a fundamental competency in basic education, driven by the challenges of the 21st century and the growing need to develop students with strong digital and cognitive skills. The objective of this literature review was to analyze approaches, methodologies, and benefits associated with the implementation of computational thinking in Latin American schools. A qualitative documentary research was conducted through an integrative review of ten scientific articles published between 2017 and 2024. The data was organized through analysis sheets, and selection criteria such as thematic relevance, accessibility, and academic quality were applied. The results showed that computational thinking promotes the development of logical reasoning, creativity, and problem-solving. Furthermore, its teaching through tools such as block programming, educational robotics, and gamified environments has proven effective in the school context. The discussion highlighted the need to strengthen teacher training and public policies that integrate these skills into curricula. The conclusion is that computational thinking not only enhances cognitive skills but should be promoted as a key element of educational innovation in Latin America.
Copyright (c) 2025 Nancy Patricia Vásconez Panata, Luz América Panata Villacís, Carlos Bayardo Toapanta Chaguaro, Marcia Elizabeth Samaniego Alarcón http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
The Development Of Writing Skills In Students In The Fourth Year Of GBE
The development of writing skills in Language and Literature is essential for developing students capable of expressing ideas in a clear and structured manner. This study, based on a mixed-method approach and a pre-experimental design, was conducted with fourth-year students of Basic General Education at the Alonso de Mercadillo Educational Unit in the province of Zamora Chinchipe, Ecuador, during the 2024-2025 academic year. Its objective was to propose and validate a teaching strategy that promotes the comprehensive improvement of these skills. The initial diagnosis revealed a predominance of medium and low levels in key competencies such as textual coherence, use of logical connectives, and literary resources. In response, a strategy composed of eight sequential phases was designed that integrate traditional and technological methods, encouraging active participation, independent practice, and critical reflection. The validation of the strategy, through expert panels and its subsequent practical application, showed positive results. Students achieved significant improvements in the organization of ideas, creativity in the use of literary resources, and textual revision skills. Guided and independent activities, along with adjustments based on qualitative feedback, helped consolidate learning and address contextual needs. These findings reinforce the importance of structured teaching strategies adapted to educational realities for the comprehensive development of writing skills.
Copyright (c) 2025 Silvia Carmita Sarango Lozano , Jorge Vicente Cabrera Mendoza, Mónica Esperanza Tene González, Marco Antonio Espín Landázuri http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Use of ICT as a Training Tool in the Preparation of Researchers in Educational Sciences
This article aims to analyze, through a narrative literature review, the use of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) as a formative tool in the training of researchers in the field of Educational Sciences. Based on the analysis of 25 recent academic studies, the main trends, benefits, and challenges associated with the integration of ICT into research training processes were identified. The findings show that ICTs support the development of competencies such as information literacy, autonomous learning, data management, and academic collaboration. However, their effectiveness depends on the existence of institutional policies, adequate infrastructure, and systematic training in digital competencies. It is concluded that ICT, when used with pedagogical intention, contributes to transforming research education and democratizing access to scientific knowledge. It is also recommended to continue advancing in empirical studies that assess the specific impact of these technologies in various educational contexts
Copyright (c) 2025 Víctor Manuel Barros, Nelly Maricela Crespata Barriga , Esther Eulalia Corrales Tapia, Segundo Bienvenido Camatón Arízabal http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
The Effectiveness Of The Implementation Of Ecuadorian Regulations For Crime Scene Preservation: Impact On The Integrity And Validity Of Forensic Evidence
This research was conducted with the aim of analyzing the effectiveness of the implementation of Ecuadorian regulations for crime scene preservation and their impact on the integrity and validity of the collected forensic evidence. A qualitative design was employed, using an exhaustive literature review of Ecuadorian regulations and international protocols related to the collection and handling of evidence. The study focused on the context of Ecuador, a country with a robust regulatory framework but significant challenges in its practical application. The intervention involved analyzing the current regulations, comparing them with international standards, and identifying operational and structural barriers that hinder their effective implementation, as well as comparing findings with research conducted in other countries. The results indicated that the lack of resources, insufficient training of justice operators, and the involvement of unauthorized individuals at crime scenes compromise the proper preservation of evidence, affecting the reliability of investigations.Therefore, the research demonstrated that, despite having a solid legal framework, the effectiveness of the regulations depends on rigorous implementation and overcoming operational obstacles such as resource limitations and the need for specialized training in rural areas to ensure the validity of evidence in judicial processes.
Copyright (c) 2025 Jefferson David Barragan, Wendy Pilar Romero Noboa http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
The Chain of Custody and Its Impact on the Admissibility of Forensic Evidence in the Ecuadorian Criminal Process
The study focused on analyzing the impact of the chain of custody on the admissibility of forensic evidence in Ecuador's criminal proceedings. To this end, 60 lawyers from the Bar Association of Bolívar province participated, selected intentionally for their expertise in criminal law. The research employed a mixed-methods approach, combining the analysis of legal norms and legislation with the application of a structured survey featuring closed-ended questions. The results revealed that 68.3% of respondents had an in-depth understanding of chain of custody procedures, while 75% agreed that deficiencies in its application could lead to the exclusion of evidence in court. Additionally, 60% perceived that its implementation was generally correct, though 30% noted that its effectiveness depended on the case. Thus, the study demonstrates that inconsistent or deficient chain of custody practices can undermine fundamental rights and compromise the validity of evidence. Consequently, the study concludes that the chain of custody is a crucial tool to ensure due process, evidence integrity, and trust in the criminal justice system. Overcoming existing challenges—such as lack of training, limited resources, and interagency coordination gaps—is deemed essential.
Copyright (c) 2025 Anthoni Sebastían Freire Yancha, Ángel Teodoro Naranjo Estrada http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Fiscal decentralization and human development: an analysis for Latin America
This study examines the relationship between fiscal decentralization and human development in Latin America, using data from 15 countries between 1990 and 2020. The objective is to assess how subnational spending, alongside variables such as access to drinking water, education and health expenditures, and regulatory quality, influence the Human Development Index (HDI). Static and dynamic panel models were employed, including the Arellano-Bond method to control for endogeneity. Results indicate that fiscal decentralization and access to drinking water have a positive and significant impact on HDI, while education and health spending show variable effects. The study concludes that efficient public management and reducing inequalities are crucial for enhancing human development in the region.
Copyright (c) 2025 Pablo Andrés Domínguez Salazar, Diego Enrique Pinilla Rodríguez http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Effectiveness and Best Practices in the Methods of Collection and Preservation of Hair Fiber Samples at the Crime Scene
This research was conducted under the analysis of the effectiveness and best practices in the methods of collection and preservation of hair fibers at the crime scene, with the aim of optimizing the integrity of forensic evidence. To achieve this, a qualitative study was carried out based on the analysis of scientific literature, forensic manuals, applicable regulations, and technical reports to generate a comparative approach to the methods used in forensic cases requiring the collection of hair fibers as an integral part of the process. The intervention emphasized the evaluation of different collection methods, with the most commonly used being tweezers, adhesive tape, and forensic vacuums. Additionally, preservation techniques were analyzed, including storage in paper envelopes, test tubes, and the regulation of environmental conditions. The results of the study revealed that the choice of collection method directly depends on the type of surface and the amount of hair fiber present, while proper storage is crucial to prevent chemical degradation or cross-contamination that could affect the investigation. Therefore, it is essential to standardize procedures alongside the training of forensic personnel involved in this stage, as these factors are fundamental to ensuring the reliability of the evidence, which would strengthen the chain of custody and the validity of evidence in judicial processes.
Copyright (c) 2025 Joselin Anabel Abarca Vistín, Wilson Edwin Moncayo Molina http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
The Promotion Of Health Communication Through The Inclusion Of The Kichwa Language At The San Juan De Llullundongo Health Center (2023-2024).
In rural and intercultural contexts in Ecuador, communication between health professionals and indigenous patients is hindered by language barriers, which compromises the equity and quality of care. This study aims to establish the relationship between effective health communication and the use of the Kichwa language in the San Juan de Llullundongo Health Centre. A quantitative, descriptive and correlational approach is applied, with a cross-sectional design. The sample is census-based and includes 16 health professionals. A structured survey was used, validated by experts and analysed using SPSS software.The results show that 93.75% of the staff have no or little knowledge of Kichwa, and most of them are unable to provide medical information in that language. 87.5% consider it useful to incorporate Kichwa into their work. 87.5% consider it useful to incorporate bilingual materials. The research concludes that the lack of linguistic competence limits the quality of care and violates the patient's right to understand their health process. It is suggested that incorporating Kichwa is a communicative strategy and an act of cultural justice. It is recommended that intercultural training be strengthened and that public policies be implemented to guarantee linguistically relevant care.
Copyright (c) 2025 David Santiago Agualongo Chela, Silvana Ximena López Paredes, Jhoselyn Adriana Toalombo Ninabanda, Edwin Vladimir Chariguaman Rochina http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
The integration of process management and management auditing: reflections from teaching practice in higher education
This article reflects on the integration of process management (GPP) and management auditing (AG) from the perspective of university teaching practice, emphasizing its application as a formative strategy in higher education. Through a qualitative, reflective, and descriptive approach, pedagogical practices implemented in courses related to organizational management and institutional evaluation are systematized. The study is supported by a review of specialized literature, case analyses, and the triangulation of theory and practice. The results reveal that the integrated teaching of GPP and AG significantly enhances the development of key professional competencies, including systems thinking, evidence-based decision-making, critical process evaluation, and ethical understanding of institutional control. The use of tools such as process mapping, audit simulations, findings matrices, and performance indicators effectively connects theoretical learning with institutional realities, fostering a more contextualized, critical, and transformative education. Despite this, certain structural limitations persist, such as the weak culture of evaluation, lack of reliable institutional data, and conceptual gaps in the application of management approaches by educational institutions. Nonetheless, the classroom emerges as a strategic space for institutional analysis and improvement, provided that teaching is oriented toward real-world application and the development of strategic capabilities. Ultimately, the study underscores the need to consolidate integrative curricular approaches, strengthen faculty training in active methodologies, and promote a university culture grounded in process orientation, quality assurance, and continuous improvement.
Copyright (c) 2025 Gregory Leandro Montenegro Bosquez, Alexander Xavier Larrea Berrones, Gisselle Carolina Álvarez Salazar, Diana Mishel Salazar Altamirano http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Digital Competencies In The Professionalization Of Teachers Case: Ecuadorian Amazonia
In recent years, higher education has had to create spaces that allow students to develop various competencies, among them digital competencies. In vulnerable geographical contexts such as the Ecuadorian Amazon, it is necessary to strengthen this type of competencies. This study presents a systematic review of studies conducted in the last five years on the development of digital competencies and teacher professionalization. We analyzed 10 articles taken from databases such as Scielo, Google Scholar and Redalyc applying criteria of inclusion of search terms in the title or abstract, original articles where the central axis is digital competencies, teacher professionalization, distance higher education. It was found that digital competencies are essential in the professional development of students and allow them to improve their skills when facing the reality of work. In the Ecuadorian Amazon, obtaining this type of competencies becomes a challenge due to the characteristics of the area, however, professionalization programs such as the National University of Education (UNAE) are designed with the purpose of contributing to the development of these competencies in the course of their careers. In the province of Sucumbíos alone, 498 teachers will be incorporated by the year 2025.
Copyright (c) 2025 Katty Elizabeth Pérez Imaicela, Franklin Roberto Quishpi Choto, Erika Gabriela Quishpi Contento, Jessica Caterine Robayo Velasco http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Interdisciplinary Strategies For Language Development In Early Childhood: A Speech-Language Pathology And Education Approach
The purpose of this diploma project is to design and implement interdisciplinary strategies that contribute to quality early childhood education, approached from a comprehensive phonoaudiological perspective. The initiative focuses on strengthening the development of language and communication, considered essential pillars for learning and social interaction in pre-school children. Based on an approach that combines pedagogical and phonoaudiological elements, it seeks to respond effectively to the diverse communicative and linguistic needs of children, respecting their socio-cultural contexts and promoting their full development. Thus, specific interventions are proposed in which caregivers and teachers play an active role, promoting their training, awareness and appropriation of strategies that favour the linguistic and communicative development of children in educational and family environments. Likewise, innovative pedagogical tools and methodologies adapted to the socio-cultural characteristics of the communities will be designed, with the aim of promoting inclusive, sustainable and transferable learning to other educational contexts. Finally, the main goal of this proposal is not only to reduce the existing educational and communication gaps, but also to contribute to the strengthening of public policies aimed at early childhood in Colombia, generating a positive impact on the comprehensive development of children and their environment. From an interdisciplinary approach, the degree work seeks to make a significant contribution to the field of speech therapy, promoting its articulation with education and its key role in early childhood development. It is hoped that the strategies designed will generate benefits at academic, social and community levels.
Copyright (c) 2025 Yoexnith Samboni Peña http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
The impact of quality management on primary health care in Latin America
The aim of this research was to analyze the impact of quality management in primary health care (PHC) in Latin America, focusing on the instruments used, as well as the possible relationship between quality and satisfaction. Aspects related to the organizational improvements implemented were also studied. The analysis of the documentary review showed that evaluation instruments are fundamental for quality in PHC, but require adaptations to reflect the realities. In addition, it is evident that quality management, when focused on improving empathy, accessibility and continuity of care, is closely linked to patient satisfaction. Organizational improvements, such as implementing process management and adopting technologies, have proven to be effective in optimizing service quality and increasing user satisfaction. It is concluded that the strengthening of community participation and the development of health personnel are essential to ensure efficient PHC.
Copyright (c) 2025 Tania Elizabeth Arguello Quintana, Clara Patricia Guerra Naranjo, Ninfa Geovanna Yánez Barragán, Ana Verónica Pazmiño Verdezoto
Sociocultural and psychological determinants of vaccine resistance in adults aged 19 to 64 years
The article analyzes the sociocultural and psychological determinants of vaccine resistance in adults aged 19 to 64 years, through a literature review, with a qualitative-descriptive approach. Important aspects that influence reluctance to immunization in adults of this age range were identified. Among the sociocultural determinants, religion, education, beliefs and cultural traditions were noted; on the other hand, among the psychological factors, fear, misinformation and the perception of the risk of the side effects of vaccines were identified with great predominance. The findings showed that, despite the scientific information supporting the effectiveness and safety of vaccines provided by governments, agencies and health institutions , there are barriers to acceptance, motivated by lack of confidence in the safety of vaccines and fear, especially among young adults, of side effects, who even underestimate the risks of diseases. The review also showed that the influence of family, social groups and friends has a high impact on the decision of adults towards immunization. The literature analysis and interpretation highlighted the importance of addressing and understanding the sociocultural and psychological determinants of the adult population aged 19 to 64 years and understanding that the acceptance of immunization varies according to the age range, where adults older than 40 years showed greater awareness; and those younger than this age present greater doubts and fears.
Copyright (c) 2025 Verónica Moncerratte Soria Salinas, Claudia Patricia Guerra Naranjo, Jessica Maricela Segura Peñaloza
Comparative Analysis of Subgrade Stabilization of a Road in Tungurahua Province - Ecuador
This study analyzes the stabilization of the subgrade of the road between the communities of Teligote and Masabachos in Tungurahua, Ecuador, using lime and sodium chloride. The results show that lime increases the CBR by 150% and significantly reduces plasticity, while sodium chloride improves soil cohesion and strength, with a 120% increase in CBR. Both stabilizers are viable and effective, but lime excels in strength and durability. The pavement design based on these improvements ensures adequate infrastructure for the projected traffic. This study contributes to sustainable road development, enhancing connectivity and living conditions in rural communities, and offers a replicable model for similar projects in developing countries.
Copyright (c) 2025 María Fernanda Pico Núñez, Juan Carlos Pico Núñez, Andrés Santiago Almeida Mayorga
Expert systems for the planning and management of personnel training in public institutions in the city of Esmeraldas
This study focuses on developing a theoretical-practical framework for the implementation of an expert system for the planning and management of personnel training in public institutions in the city of Esmeraldas. The main objective is to analyze and systematize existing information on expert systems to optimize human talent management. The methodology used was based on an exhaustive documentary review, evaluating the current literature on training needs, knowledge representation techniques and the inclusion of explanation modules in expert systems. The results indicate that expert systems can significantly improve the efficiency of training planning, ensuring that staff competencies are aligned with organizational objectives. Notable findings of the study include the need for a pre-functional manual system, the integration of advanced knowledge representation techniques, and the validation of prototypes using qualitative methods. This approach not only optimizes training resources, but also increases staff performance and satisfaction, contributing to the socioeconomic development of Esmeraldas.
Copyright (c) 2025 Fanny Graciela Egas Moreno, Gustavo Darío Robles Quiñónez, Lorena Aida Benites Valverde, Luz Marina Cifuentes Quiñónez, Carlos Alberto Campaña Bone
Evaluation of Post-Pandemic Behavioral Problems in Two Dog Populations Using the C-BARQ Test in Two Veterinary Clinics in Samborondón, Ecuador
The COVID-19 pandemic, declared a public health emergency by the World Health Organization (WHO) on January 30, 2020, imposed mobility and socialization restrictions in several countries, affecting the daily lives of millions of people. As a result of these restrictions, many people spent more time in their homes, leading to an exponential increase in pet adoption rates. In addition, dogs already living with their guardians experienced an increase in the frequency of interaction, such as playtime, petting and short walks. This significantly changed the daily routines of the animals and led to changes in the lifestyles of the guardians, who adapted their care practices.
Copyright (c) 2025 Fabiola Lissette Jiménez Valenzuela, Melissa Joseth Carvajal Capa, Irina Trejo Cedeño, José Echeverría Alcívar, Irene Palacios Noboa
Promotion of healthy lifestyles in Primary Care in Latin America. Bibliographic review
The promotion of healthy lifestyles in Latin America is presented as a priority issue in relation to social health problems, as it occurs in the provision of primary services. This paper aims to examine the close interrelationship between the practices of health professionals, social interactions and health mediation in terms of its effectors. An analytic-synthetic documentary research approach, an analysis of 19 scientific articles produced between 2014 and 2024 and published in indexed databases such as PubMed, SciELO and ScienceDirect was conducted. The most significant findings suggest that health professionals are key players in teaching for health promotion. Specific strategies, including motivational interviewing and nurse-led initiatives, were effective in clinical practice in reducing risk factors. These gaps also highlight the operational limitations that remain from the systematic evaluation and use of technologies. Final recommendations call for improving practitioner skills, modifying strategies to the local context, and strengthening technology convergence in order to scale interventions.
Copyright (c) 2025 Silvana Estefania Wilcaso Cando, Silvana Ximena López Paredes, Ninfa Giovanna Yanez Barragán
Proposal of a Strategic Endomarketing Model for Leadership and Optimization of Results in Human Talent Management
Organizational evolution forces top executives to redirect strategies related to human resources, especially in the processes of innovation, design and implementation of tactics that generate differentiation from their competitors. This article aims to address the problem, which determines the context of the tacit and implicit obligations that every organization assumes towards its collaborators, under the universal parameters established in the legal and contextual framework of the Honduran financial system, the objectives to be achieved, as well as presenting a proposed model applicable in the light of modern organizational needs, as a scientific contribution that complements the best practices existing in the reference sector.
Copyright (c) 2025 Alicia Jacqueline Miranda Valle
Clean energy generation through controlled incineration WTE in Ecuador
The last few decades have seen a significant increase in the global problem of solid waste management, with annual production exceeding 2 million tons. The situation of having 2010 million tons poses not only environmental, but also social and economic challenges. This is because, if waste is not properly managed, it can contaminate soil, water and air, which has a negative impact on public health and biodiversity. In Latin America, significant challenges are still faced in waste management, as many countries struggle to implement efficient and sustainable systems. Despite the efforts made by some countries to improve this situation through the development of recycling policies and adoption.
Copyright (c) 2024 Carlos Fernando Pazmiño-Cujili, Mariuxi Virginia Cartagena Muñoz, Ruth Verónica Rivera España
Disciplinary responsibilities of the Ecuadorian auditor for the evaluation of his/her behavior in professional practice
The Office of the Comptroller General of the State, in Ecuadorian territory, is the institution in charge of controlling state resources administered by public servants. For this purpose, it is essential to have the professional service of external and internal auditors who, through audits, guarantee the aforementioned control. The objective of this manuscript is to analyze the disciplinary responsibilities that concern the auditor in the professional exercise and that make it possible to evaluate his ethical and professional behavior; through a documentary research, with a qualitative approach and ethnographic design. Using the interview to collect information from external auditors working in the Office of the Comptroller General of the State of the province of Esmeraldas. The results obtained in this research show that in the exercise of the public function, it is a priority to comply with the legal precepts established in the national legal framework; therefore, the government auditor must guide his work under principles and values that regulate his actions and conduct; comply with the duties and prohibitions assigned in the position; in such a way that compliance with the assigned disciplinary responsibilities strengthens confidence in the auditing profession, guarantees the reliability of the financial information and avoids incurring in disciplinary sanctions caused by action or omission that affect the normal development of their attributions.
Copyright (c) 2024 Fanny Graciela Egas Moreno, Santiago Rafael Bravo Simbaña, Carlos Alberto Hinojosa Ortiz, Gustavo Dario Robles Quiñonez
This article presents the results of a study that analyzes the prevalence and factors associated with burnout syndrome among financial sector employees in the city of Guayaquil. Using the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI), a widely recognized tool developed by Dr. Christina Maslach, a representative sample of workers was surveyed to assess three dimensions of burnout: emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and personal fulfillment. The findings reveal that a significant percentage of financial employees in Guayaquil experience high levels of emotional exhaustion and depersonalization, along with low levels of personal fulfillment, indicating a worrying prevalence of burnout in this sector. The prevalence of burnout in this population was 40.4%. Statistically significant relationships were found between the presence of burnout and variables such as age group, number of children, hours of sleep, self-rated physical health and self-rated mental health. It is necessary that both institutions and control agencies take measures that allow an adequate management of burnout syndrome in the city's financial system.
Copyright (c) 2024 Marcelo Javier Bastidas Jiménez, Iskra Casandra Calle Carrión